Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the variety of genes, species, and ecosystems on Earth.

Biodiversity refers to the total biological diversity on Earth and includes the variability of genes, species, and ecosystems as well as their complex interactions. This concept is crucial for the functioning and stability of natural habitats and plays a fundamental role in human well-being. Biodiversity is considered at three levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

Genetic diversity describes the differences in genetic material within a species and is crucial for the adaptability of species to changing environmental conditions. Species diversity, on the other hand, encompasses the many different plant, animal, and microbial species within a particular habitat and is the most visible measure of biodiversity. Finally, ecosystem diversity describes the variety of ecosystems and habitats, each providing specific conditions for different species.

Functional biodiversity represents the interactions between these levels and is essential for the stability and productivity of ecosystems. It affects important processes such as climate regulation, the provision of food resources, and water filtration. High biodiversity supports the resilience of ecosystems, especially during times of change due to environmental shifts. Therefore, the protection of biodiversity is a central challenge that requires international cooperation and comprehensive strategies to secure the livelihoods of future generations.