Gas Crater in Turkmenistan

The Darvaza Gas Crater is a burning natural phenomenon in Turkmenistan.

The Darvaza Gas Crater, often referred to as the gateway to hell, is an extraordinary and enduring natural phenomenon located in the Karakum Desert in central Turkmenistan, approximately 260 to 270 kilometers north of the capital Ashgabat. It is considered one of the most striking geological curiosities in the world and symbolizes both the power and risks of resource extraction.

The crater is situated near the abandoned village of Darvaza in the Dashoguz Province and has a diameter of approximately 60 to 70 meters and a depth of about 30 meters. It was formed in 1971 during a Soviet drilling expedition searching for natural gas, which accidentally uncovered an underground gas reservoir. To eliminate the risk of gas poisoning for nearby communities, the geologists decided to ignite the gas, hoping the fire would go out after a few days. Instead, the gas has been burning continuously for over 50 years.

The Darvaza Crater is fed by a massive underground methane reservoir, producing hundreds of flames that blaze at heights of 10 to 15 meters. However, this burning methane also poses a serious environmental issue, as it contributes to global warming as a potent greenhouse gas.

Although the crater is a popular destination for adventurous tourists, the Turkmen government has attempted several times to extinguish the fire without making a definitive decision so far. Local names like Garagum Yalkymy (Desert Glow) highlight the cultural significance of the site. Given the significant gas reserves and the challenges of combating emissions, the Darvaza Gas Crater remains a fascinating yet concerning example of the consequences of human intervention in nature.